AbraCalc

555 Timer Astable Near 50% Duty Cycle

A very small R1 relative to R2 in the 555 astable approaches a 50% duty cycle square wave output.

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  1. Enter r1, r2 and capacitance (c) in the fields above.
  2. Results update instantly as you type — or click Calculate.
  3. Read your frequency and the full breakdown beneath it.

Setting R1 very small (0.1 kΩ) and R2=100 kΩ with C=1 µF gives a near-50% duty cycle, approximating a true square wave from the 555 timer.

Frequently asked questions

Can I get a 50% duty cycle from a 555?
Not directly in standard astable mode (duty cycle is always >50% because t_H > t_L). Adding a diode across R1 (cathode to DISCH) bypasses R1 during discharge, making t_H ≈ t_L ≈ 0.693 × R2 × C for ≈50% duty.
What is the minimum value for R1?
The datasheet recommends at least 1 kΩ to protect the discharge transistor. R1 should not be so small that it short-circuits the chip on discharge.